Abstract
Tencel™ is a brand name for a set of fibers, primarily lyocell and modal, which are forms of rayon. These cellulosic fibers are derived from sustainably sourced wood pulp, typically from eucalyptus, beech, birch, or spruce trees. The production of Tencel Lyocell, the most recognized fiber under the brand, is distinguished by its environmentally responsible closed-loop process. This system recycles over 99% of the non-toxic amine oxide solvent used to dissolve the wood pulp, minimizing waste and environmental impact. The resulting Tencel fabric is celebrated for its exceptional qualities, including a uniquely soft and smooth texture, superior moisture-wicking capabilities, and impressive durability. It also exhibits excellent color retention and is biodegradable, positioning it as a leading sustainable alternative to conventional cotton and synthetic textiles. Its versatility allows for its use in a wide range of applications, from high-fashion apparel and activewear to home textiles, reflecting a growing consumer and industry demand for eco-conscious materials.
Key Takeaways
- Recognize Tencel as a brand of lyocell and modal fibers, not a generic material.
- Prioritize Tencel fabric for its exceptional softness and suitability for sensitive skin.
- Choose Tencel for activewear due to its superior moisture management properties.
- Support sustainable fashion by opting for Tencel’s closed-loop production process.
- Appreciate the long-term value of Tencel garments due to their strength and colorfastness.
- Wash Tencel on a gentle cycle with cold water to maintain its integrity.
Table of Contents
- Understanding the Tencel Family: Lyocell vs. Modal
- Benefit 1: Unparalleled Softness and a Gentle Touch on the Skin
- Benefit 2: Superior Moisture Management and Breathability
- Benefit 3: The Gold Standard in Sustainable Production
- Benefit 4: Remarkable Strength and Durability for Lasting Wear
- Benefit 5: Vibrant Color Retention and Design Versatility
- Benefit 6: A Naturally Hygienic and Hypoallergenic Choice
- Benefit 7: Biodegradability and a Contribution to the Circular Economy
- Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
- References
Understanding the Tencel Family: Lyocell vs. Modal
Before we can fully appreciate the landscape of modern textiles, we must first clarify our terms. When we speak of “Tencel,” we are referring to a brand name, much like Kleenex is to tissues or Band-Aid is to adhesive bandages. The Tencel™ brand, owned by the Austrian company Lenzing AG, encompasses two primary types of cellulosic fibers: lyocell and modal. Both are derived from natural wood pulp and are celebrated for their sustainable credentials and luxurious feel, yet they possess distinct characteristics born from subtle differences in their production. Understanding these distinctions is the first step toward making a truly informed choice as a designer or consumer.
Tencel Lyocell is perhaps the most famous of the pair, often what people mean when they refer to Tencel fabric. It is primarily sourced from fast-growing eucalyptus trees from sustainably managed forests. The production process is a marvel of green chemistry, a closed-loop system where the wood pulp is dissolved in a non-toxic organic solvent called N-Methylmorpholine N-oxide (NMMO). The term “closed-loop” is not mere marketing jargon; it signifies that over 99% of the solvent and water used are recovered, purified, and recycled back into the system. This process is profoundly efficient and has a low environmental footprint. The resulting lyocell fibers are known for their incredible strength, silky smoothness, and exceptional ability to manage moisture.
Tencel Modal, on the other hand, is typically produced from beechwood trees, also from sustainable sources. Its processing is similar to other modal fibers, using a multi-stage chemical process to transform the wood pulp into a soft, flexible fiber. While its production is also eco-conscious, particularly Lenzing’s version which is carbon-neutral, it differs from the unique solvent-spinning process of lyocell. Tencel Modal fibers are renowned for their exquisite softness—often described as being softer than cotton—and excellent flexibility. They drape beautifully and blend exceptionally well with other fibers, particularly cotton and spandex, to enhance the feel and comfort of the final fabric.
| Feature | Tencel™ Lyocell | Tencel™ Modal |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Wood Source | Eucalyptus | Beechwood |
| Key Feeling | Silky smooth, cool to the touch | Exceptionally soft, flexible |
| Primary Strength | Very high tensile strength, wet & dry | High flexibility and suppleness |
| Moisture Absorption | Excellent, highly breathable | Very good, absorbent |
| Best For | Structured garments, denim, bedding, activewear | Lingerie, pajamas, t-shirts, loungewear |
| Production Process | Closed-loop solvent spinning (NMMO) | Multi-stage chemical process |
Benefit 1: Unparalleled Softness and a Gentle Touch on the Skin
The first encounter with Tencel fabric is often a tactile one. It is a sensation that words struggle to capture fully—a combination of silky smoothness and a gentle, comforting weight. Why does this material feel so uniquely pleasant against the skin? The answer lies not in a chemical coating or superficial treatment, but in the very structure of the fiber itself.
The Microscopic Secret to Smoothness
Imagine looking at a cotton fiber under a powerful microscope. You would see a somewhat rough, irregular, and twisted surface. While this structure is excellent for absorbency, it can create a certain level of friction against the skin. Now, picture a Tencel Lyocell fiber. Its surface is exceptionally smooth and rounded, with a clean, uniform profile. This inherent sleekness means there is less friction and, therefore, less potential for irritation. For individuals with sensitive skin, eczema, or contact dermatitis, this is not a minor detail; it is a profound improvement in comfort. The fabric glides over the skin rather than rubbing against it, creating a feeling of gentle envelopment. This quality makes Tencel fabric a premier choice for products that have prolonged contact with the body, such as bedding, intimate apparel, and loungewear.
A New Definition of Comfort
The softness of Tencel Modal, in particular, has set a new benchmark for comfort. It is often described as being twice as soft as conventional cotton. This is not hyperbole but a perceivable difference that comes from its finer fiber structure and exceptional flexibility. When woven or knitted into a garment, this flexibility translates into a fluid drape that follows the body’s contours without clinging or constricting. It moves with the wearer, a quality that elevates the experience of wearing a simple t-shirt or a pair of pajamas into something more luxurious. This sensation of “second-skin” comfort is a direct result of the fiber’s botanical origins and the sophisticated process that refines it.
The psychological dimension of this comfort should not be overlooked. The feeling of soft, smooth materials against our skin can be genuinely calming. It taps into a primal sense of security and well-being. In a world filled with abrasive textures and synthetic materials, choosing a garment made from Tencel fabric can be a small, daily act of self-care, a deliberate selection of gentleness in a often-harsh environment.
Benefit 2: Superior Moisture Management and Breathability
Beyond its luxurious feel, the performance of Tencel fabric is one of its most compelling attributes, particularly its relationship with moisture. The ability of a fabric to manage sweat and humidity is fundamental to comfort, whether one is engaged in athletic activity or simply navigating a warm day. Tencel Lyocell fibers exhibit a remarkable capacity for moisture management that surpasses many other materials, both natural and synthetic.
The Hydrophilic Nature of Cellulosic Fibers
To understand how Tencel works, we must think about its structure on a sub-microscopic level. Tencel fibers are composed of tiny, interconnected fibrils. This network of sub-structures creates a vast surface area that can absorb and then release moisture. Being a cellulosic fiber derived from wood, Tencel is naturally hydrophilic, meaning it is attracted to water. When you perspire, the fabric readily pulls that moisture vapor away from your skin and absorbs it into the core of the fiber. According to research by Lenzing, Tencel Lyocell can absorb 50% more moisture than cotton.
This is only half the story. A fabric that merely absorbs moisture would quickly become heavy and damp. The genius of Tencel lies in its ability to then release that moisture efficiently into the surrounding air. This constant cycle of absorption and release creates a cooling effect, regulating the microclimate between the fabric and your skin. It keeps you feeling drier and more comfortable for longer. This breathability is not just about feeling good; it is about maintaining thermal equilibrium, which is vital for performance in sportswear and for restful sleep in bedding.
A Performance Comparison
Let’s place Tencel in context with other common textiles. Synthetic fibers like polyester are hydrophobic—they repel water. Instead of absorbing sweat, they allow it to sit on the surface of the fabric, which can lead to a clammy, sticky feeling. While often marketed for activewear, they essentially create a barrier. Cotton, a natural cellulosic fiber, is highly absorbent. However, it is slow to dry. Once saturated with sweat, it loses its breathability, becomes heavy, and can cause chilling as the moisture cools against the skin. Tencel fabric offers a more intelligent solution, combining the absorbency of a natural fiber with a release rate that rivals many synthetics.
| Property | Tencel™ Lyocell | Cotton | Polyester | Wool |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moisture Absorption | Excellent | Good | Poor | Excellent |
| Moisture Release | Excellent | Poor | Excellent | Good |
| Breathability | Very High | High | Low | High |
| Feeling When Wet | Remains comfortable | Heavy, clammy, cold | Clammy, sticky | Remains warm |
| Bacterial Growth | Low | High | High | Low |
| Best Use Case | Activewear, bedding, humid climates | Casualwear, dry climates | High-intensity sports, rainwear | Cold weather, base layers |
This superior performance makes Tencel an incredibly versatile material. For a high-intensity workout, a Tencel-blend top will help keep you cool and dry. For a summer dress, it provides breezy comfort. For bed sheets, it helps regulate body temperature throughout the night, reducing the likelihood of waking up from being too hot or too cold. It is a material that actively works with the body’s natural functions.
Benefit 3: The Gold Standard in Sustainable Production
In an era where “sustainability” has become a pervasive, yet often vaguely defined, buzzword, the production process of Tencel Lyocell offers a model of genuine environmental responsibility. Its acclaim is rooted in a tangible, transparent, and resource-efficient manufacturing cycle known as the closed-loop process. This system addresses many of the profound environmental challenges posed by conventional textile manufacturing.
The Elegance of the Closed-Loop System
The journey of Tencel Lyocell begins in sustainably managed forests. The wood pulp, primarily from eucalyptus trees, is sourced from forests certified by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) or the Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification (PEFC). These certifications ensure that the wood is harvested responsibly, with respect for biodiversity, indigenous rights, and forest regeneration. This is a critical first step that distinguishes it from generic viscose or rayon, where the sourcing of wood pulp can be linked to the deforestation of ancient and endangered forests.
The true innovation, however, lies in the transformation of this wood pulp into fiber. In the lyocell process, the pulp is dissolved in a non-toxic, organic amine oxide solvent. The resulting viscous solution is then extruded through fine spinnerets to form the fibers. The crucial part of this process is what happens next. The solvent and the water used are not discarded as industrial effluent. Instead, as noted by industry analysts, they are captured, purified, and reused in the production cycle at a recovery rate exceeding 99%. This creates a “closed loop” where resources are continuously recycled, dramatically reducing water consumption and preventing harmful chemicals from being released into the environment.
This stands in stark contrast to the production of conventional viscose rayon. The traditional viscose process relies on a complex chemical reaction involving hazardous substances like carbon disulfide, a neurotoxin, and sodium hydroxide. The management of these chemicals is challenging, and in poorly regulated facilities, their discharge can lead to severe water and air pollution, posing risks to both ecosystems and factory workers. The lyocell process, by design, sidesteps these hazards, representing a significant leap forward in green chemistry.
Beyond the Loop: A Holistic Approach
The commitment to sustainability extends beyond the solvent recovery. The production of Tencel Lyocell requires less energy and significantly less water than the cultivation and processing of conventional cotton. Cotton is a notoriously thirsty crop, often requiring vast amounts of irrigation and pesticides in its cultivation. In contrast, the eucalyptus trees used for Tencel are often grown on marginal lands unsuitable for food crops and require little to no irrigation or pesticides.
Furthermore, the fibers themselves are produced with an eye toward their entire lifecycle. They are certified as biodegradable and compostable, meaning they can fully revert to nature at the end of their use, breaking down in soil or water without leaving behind harmful residues. This commitment to a full-circle system—from responsible sourcing to clean production and end-of-life biodegradability—is why Tencel fabric is not just another material but a statement of intent for a more sustainable future in fashion. It provides a viable, high-quality alternative that allows brands and consumers to make choices that align with their environmental values. As an established manufacturer of knitted fabrics, we recognize the growing importance of such materials in meeting global demand for responsible textiles.
Benefit 4: Remarkable Strength and Durability for Lasting Wear
There is a common misconception that eco-friendly fabrics must be delicate or fragile. Tencel Lyocell decisively refutes this notion. It is a textile that combines a gentle, luxurious handfeel with a robust and resilient nature. This inherent strength is a key functional benefit, translating into garments and textiles that are not only beautiful to wear but also built to last, offering excellent long-term value.
Tenacity in Both Wet and Dry Conditions
A fabric’s strength, or tenacity, is a measure of its ability to resist breaking under tension. Tencel Lyocell exhibits impressive tenacity in both wet and dry states. This is a significant point of differentiation from many other cellulosic fibers. For instance, conventional rayon and modal can lose up to 50% of their strength when wet, making them susceptible to stretching, warping, and damage during laundering. This is why garments made from these materials often require delicate handling or dry cleaning.
Tencel Lyocell, due to its unique crystalline structure formed during the solvent-spinning process, maintains a high proportion of its strength even when saturated with water. This means a Tencel garment can withstand the rigors of a home washing machine without losing its shape or integrity. This durability makes it a practical and reliable choice for everyday apparel, from workwear to children’s clothing. The fibers are less prone to pilling—the formation of small, fuzzy balls on the surface of the fabric—which keeps the garment looking smooth and new for longer.
The Value Proposition of Longevity
In the context of the broader conversation about sustainable fashion, durability is a cornerstone. The most sustainable garment is one that is worn and loved for many years, reducing the need for frequent replacement. The high cost sometimes associated with Tencel fabric is, therefore, better understood as an investment. A well-made Tencel shirt or pair of trousers will likely outlast several cheaper, lower-quality alternatives. This reduces overall consumption, saves resources, and lessens the burden on landfills.
This strength also contributes to the fabric’s stability. Tencel is less prone to shrinkage than cotton, ensuring a more consistent fit over the life of the garment. This reliability is highly valued by both clothing brands, who can trust the material to perform consistently, and consumers, who can purchase with confidence. The combination of softness and strength is a rare and valuable quality. It allows for the creation of textiles that feel indulgent but perform with the resilience of a workhorse fabric, embodying a philosophy where luxury and practicality are not mutually exclusive. This makes it an ideal component in the high-quality knitted fabrics that modern consumers demand.
Benefit 5: Vibrant Color Retention and Design Versatility
The aesthetic potential of a fabric is as important as its performance and sustainability credentials. A material must not only feel good and be responsibly made; it must also serve as a beautiful canvas for design. Tencel fabric excels in this regard, offering exceptional color uptake that results in deep, vibrant, and long-lasting hues. This quality, combined with its versatility, makes it a favorite among designers.
A Thirsty Fiber for Dyes
The high absorbency of Tencel Lyocell fibers extends to dyes as well as water. The smooth, clean surface and porous internal structure of the fibers allow them to be saturated with color more deeply and uniformly than many other materials. Think of it like painting on different surfaces. Trying to paint on a rough, uneven surface like that of some cottons can result in an inconsistent application. Painting on the smooth, receptive surface of Tencel is like working with a perfectly primed canvas.
This efficient dye uptake has significant benefits. Firstly, it means that less dye is required to achieve a rich, brilliant color. This reduction in dye consumption is not only cost-effective but also environmentally advantageous, as it reduces the amount of chemical dyestuff and water needed in the dyeing process. Secondly, because the dye penetrates so deeply into the fiber’s core, the color becomes an integral part of the fabric. This results in exceptional colorfastness. Garments made from Tencel fabric resist fading, even after repeated washing, maintaining their original vibrancy for a longer period. The colors stay true, avoiding the washed-out look that can plague other textiles over time.
A Master of Blends and Textures
The versatility of Tencel is another of its great strengths. While it is a remarkable material on its own, it also functions as an excellent team player, blending beautifully with a wide array of other fibers to create textiles with enhanced properties. This allows fabric engineers and designers to fine-tune the characteristics of a material for a specific end-use.
For instance, blending Tencel with cotton can add a new dimension of softness and a subtle sheen to the familiar feel of cotton. A blend with wool can create a fabric that has the warmth and resilience of wool but with a smoother, less scratchy feel against the skin and improved drape. One of the most popular combinations is Tencel with elastane (spandex or Lycra). This blend, as highlighted by textile experts, marries the softness, moisture management, and sustainability of Tencel with the stretch and recovery of elastane. The result is a high-performance fabric that is perfect for activewear, yoga pants, and form-fitting garments, offering complete freedom of movement without sacrificing comfort. The ability to create such a wide range of textures and performance levels, from silky Tencel satin to robust Tencel denim, makes it an invaluable resource for creative design. For those looking to source specific textile properties, options for custom order Lyocell fabric provide a pathway to innovation.
Benefit 6: A Naturally Hygienic and Hypoallergenic Choice
In our growing awareness of the materials we bring into our homes and place against our skin, the concepts of hygiene and hypoallergenic properties have become increasingly important. Tencel fabric offers significant advantages in this area, not through the addition of chemical treatments, but through its inherent physical properties. Its ability to manage moisture creates an environment that is naturally less hospitable to the proliferation of bacteria, dust mites, and allergens.
An Unfavorable Environment for Bacteria
Bacteria thrive in warm, moist conditions. When a fabric absorbs sweat and remains damp, it can become an ideal breeding ground for odor-causing bacteria. This is a common issue with some synthetic fabrics, which trap moisture against the skin, and with cotton, which holds onto moisture for extended periods.
Tencel Lyocell disrupts this process through its efficient moisture transport system. As we’ve explored, the fiber quickly wicks moisture away from the skin and releases it into the air. This rapid drying process means there is no sustained layer of moisture on the fabric’s surface for bacteria to flourish in. Scientific studies conducted by Lenzing have shown that bacterial growth on Tencel is significantly lower compared to synthetic fibers like polyester and polyamide. This natural hygienic quality makes Tencel fabric an outstanding choice for applications where freshness is paramount, such as activewear, socks, underwear, and bedding. It helps garments stay fresher for longer, reducing the need for frequent washing and contributing to both water conservation and the longevity of the product.
A Haven for Sensitive Skin
For individuals with allergies or sensitive skin, the choice of fabric can have a direct impact on their daily comfort and health. The two primary factors that make Tencel a hypoallergenic choice are its smoothness and its hygienic properties.
Firstly, as discussed earlier, the exceptionally smooth surface of the Tencel fiber minimizes mechanical irritation. There are no rough edges to chafe or scratch the skin, which is a common trigger for people with conditions like eczema. Secondly, its resistance to bacterial growth also means it is less likely to harbor allergens. Dust mites, a common trigger for asthma and allergies, also thrive in humid environments. By maintaining a drier microclimate, Tencel bedding can help to create a less favorable habitat for these microscopic pests. Because these benefits are intrinsic to the fiber itself, they are not a result of chemical additives or antibacterial finishes that could potentially cause skin reactions or wash out over time. It is a pure, plant-based solution, offering peace of mind and a gentle, soothing environment for all skin types, but especially for those who need it most.
Benefit 7: Biodegradability and a Contribution to the Circular Economy
The responsibility of a material does not end when a garment is sold. A truly sustainable product must consider its entire lifecycle, including what happens to it when it is no longer wearable. In this final stage, Tencel fabric demonstrates one of its most profound environmental advantages: its ability to return to the earth. This biodegradability is a critical component in the shift away from a linear “take-make-waste” model of production towards a more circular and regenerative system.
Returning to Nature
Tencel fibers are derived from wood, a natural and renewable raw material. As such, they are fully biodegradable and compostable. This means that under the right conditions—in soil, compost, or water—the fibers will be broken down by microorganisms and revert to their natural components, leaving no harmful trace behind. They are certified by TÜV Austria as biodegradable in soil and water, and as compostable in both home and industrial settings.
This stands in stark contrast to the end-of-life scenario for most synthetic fabrics. Materials like polyester, nylon, and acrylic are essentially forms of plastic, derived from petroleum. They are not biodegradable. When discarded, they persist in landfills for hundreds of years. Worse, every time they are washed, they shed microscopic plastic fibers—microplastics—which flow into our waterways and oceans, contaminating ecosystems and entering the food chain. By choosing a biodegradable material like Tencel, we can help mitigate this pervasive and damaging form of pollution. A Tencel garment, at the end of its long and useful life, can be part of a natural cycle rather than a source of persistent waste.
Envisioning a Circular Future for Fashion
The concept of a circular economy is one where resources are kept in use for as long as possible, extracting the maximum value from them before they are recovered and regenerated at the end of their service life. Tencel’s properties align perfectly with this vision. The durability of the fabric promotes a longer use phase, which is the first step in any circular model. Its biodegradability ensures a safe and clean return to the biosphere.
Furthermore, Lenzing is actively exploring technologies to create a truly circular loop for textiles, such as their REFIBRA™ technology. This process takes post-consumer cotton scraps and blends them with virgin wood pulp to produce new Tencel Lyocell fibers. This innovative approach not only uses a waste stream as a raw material but also helps to close the loop on textile production itself. By embracing materials like Tencel, the fashion industry can move towards a future where clothing is not simply disposed of but is instead part of a system that respects planetary boundaries and regenerates natural resources. It is a shift from a story of extraction to one of restoration, a narrative in which our choices in fabric can play a powerful and positive role.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Is Tencel the same thing as lyocell?
Tencel is a brand name, while lyocell is a generic fiber type. Tencel™ is the most well-known brand of lyocell fiber, produced by the Austrian company Lenzing AG. So, while all Tencel Lyocell is lyocell, not all lyocell has the guaranteed sustainable production standards of the Tencel brand. Think of it like a specific brand of a product versus the product category itself.
How should I care for Tencel fabric garments?
Tencel is surprisingly easy to care for. It is best to machine wash it in cold water on a gentle or delicate cycle. Using a mild detergent is recommended. You can tumble dry on a low setting, but to prolong the life of the garment and save energy, hanging or laying it flat to dry is an excellent option. The fabric is resistant to wrinkling, but if you need to iron, use a low to medium heat setting.
Is Tencel fabric expensive?
Tencel is generally priced higher than conventional cotton or basic synthetic fabrics. This is due to the advanced technology used in its sustainable, closed-loop production process and the responsible sourcing of wood pulp. However, its superior durability, colorfastness, and timeless feel mean that garments often last much longer, offering better long-term value.
Which is better for the environment, Tencel or organic cotton?
Both are excellent sustainable choices with different strengths. Tencel Lyocell’s production uses a closed-loop system that recycles over 99% of water and solvents and is sourced from sustainably managed forests that require little irrigation. Organic cotton avoids harmful pesticides and synthetic fertilizers, but it can still be a water-intensive crop depending on the region. Tencel often has a lower water footprint overall.
What does Tencel feel like?
Tencel Lyocell has a distinctively smooth, silky feel that is often compared to silk but with a more substantial, less slippery texture. It is very soft and cool to the touch, and it drapes beautifully on the body. Tencel Modal is known for being even softer, with a feel often described as being more luxurious than high-quality cotton.
Is Tencel a good fabric for hot weather?
Yes, Tencel is an exceptional fabric for hot and humid weather. Its excellent moisture-wicking properties pull sweat away from the skin, and its high breathability allows that moisture to evaporate quickly, creating a natural cooling effect. This keeps you feeling dry and comfortable.
Does Tencel fabric wrinkle easily?
Tencel is known for being highly resistant to wrinkling. The smooth, fluid nature of the fibers means that creases tend to fall out easily. While not completely wrinkle-proof, it requires significantly less ironing than fabrics like linen or conventional cotton.
Can Tencel be blended with other fibers?
Absolutely. Tencel is incredibly versatile and blends very well with other fibers. It is often mixed with cotton for added softness, wool for a smoother feel, or elastane (spandex) to create stretch fabrics perfect for activewear and fitted clothing. These blends combine the benefits of Tencel with the desired properties of other materials.
The examination of a material like Tencel fabric transcends a simple discussion of threads and weaves. It invites a deeper reflection on our relationship with the objects we live with daily. The journey from a sustainably managed forest to a soft, durable garment is a testament to human ingenuity directed toward ecological harmony. The fibers possess a complex character—they are at once gentle and strong, luxurious and practical, technologically advanced and fundamentally natural. Choosing such a material is not merely a consumer preference; it is an engagement with a system of values that prioritizes long-term well-being over short-term convenience. It represents a belief that the things we create and wear can be a source of comfort for our bodies and a gesture of care for the world we inhabit. As we continue to seek solutions for a more balanced future, the quiet intelligence embedded in a fiber like Tencel offers a compelling and hopeful path forward.
References
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BOMME STUDIO. (2024, October 9). What is Tencel fabric? Learn about this sustainable fabric. www.bommestudio.com
Textiles Bar. (2023, November 24). What is Tencel fiber or lyocell fiber?textilesbar.com
VNPOLYFIBER. (2024, August 11). Basic information about Tencel Lyocell. vnpolyfiber.com
Well W.ELL Fabric. (2024, December 9). Tencel fabric unveiled: A comprehensive guide. wellfabric.com